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Sex ratio in India
Why is it in the news?
- According to the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence’s (CBHI) National Health Profile (NHP) 2019, India has registered an improved sex ratio and a decline in birth and death rates.
- Also the non-communicable diseases dominating over communicable in the total disease burden of the country.
More in the news
- The New Findings:
(1) Sex ratio in the country has improved from 933 in 2001 to 943 in 2011.
(2) In rural areas the sex ratio has increased from 946 to 949.
(3) Kerala has recorded the highest sex ratio in respect of total population (1,084.
(4) The lowest sex ratio in rural areas has been recorded in Chandigarh (690).
(5) The estimated birth rate, death rate and natural growth rate are declining.
(6) The estimated birth rate reduced from 25.8 in 2000 to 20.4 in 2016.
(7) The death rate declined from 8.5 to 6.4 per 1,000 population over the same period.
(8) The natural growth rate declined from 17.3 in 2000 to 14 in 2016 as per the latest available information.
(9) The total fertility rate (average number of children that will be born to a woman during her lifetime) in 12 States has fallen below two children per woman.
(10) Nine States have reached replacement levels of 2.1 and above.
(11) Delhi, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have the lowest fertility rate among other States.
- Importance of the new data:
(1) This information is essential for health system policy development, governance, health research, human resource development, health education and training.
- National Health Profile (NHP):
(1) The NHP covers demographic, socio-economic, health status and health finance indicators, human resources in the health sector and health infrastructure.
(2) It is also an important source of information on various communicable and noncommunicable diseases that are not covered under any other major programmes.
Source
The Hindu.