Aditya-L1 is India's first space-based solar observatory, launched by ISRO on September 2, 2023. It is designed to study the Sun from a halo orbit around the Lagrange Point 1 (L1), about 1.5 million km from Earth.

• Objective: To study the Sun's outermost layers-chromosphere and corona-and their impact on space weather.
• Orbit: L1 point (a stable position in space where the gravitational forces of the Earth and Sun balance).
• Launch Vehicle: PSLV-C57.
• Mission Duration: Expected to last 5 years.
• Payloads: 7 scientific instruments, including:
• VELC (Visible Emission Line Coronagraph) - Main payload to study the Sun's corona.
• SUIT (Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope) - Observes solar radiation in UV wavelengths.
• ASPEX & PAPA - Study solar wind particles.
• SoLEXS & HEL1OS - X-ray spectrometers for solar flares.
• MAG - Studies the interplanetary magnetic field.

• Helps understand solar storms & flares that can impact satellites, power grids, and GPS systems.
• First Indian mission dedicated to studying the Sun.
• Provides continuous observation without Earth's atmosphere interfering.

Aditya-L1, India's pioneering solar observatory launched by ISRO on September 2, 2023, has been actively studying the Sun from its halo orbit around the Lagrange Point 1 (L1), approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. Here are the latest updates on its mission:

• First Image of a Solar Flare 'Kernel': On February 22, 2025, Aditya-L1 captured the first'ever image of a solar flare 'kernel'-a highly energetic region within a solar flare. This observation provides unprecedented insights into the dynamics of solar flares, enhancing our understanding of these powerful solar events.
• Detection of Solar Wind Particles: The Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX) payload aboard Aditya-L1 has commenced operations and is functioning normally. It consists of two instruments: the Solar Wind Ion Spectrometer (SWIS) and the Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Spectrometer (STEPS), which are actively measuring solar wind particles and their characteristics.
• Magnetometer (MAG) Payload Results: The MAG payload has been successfully measuring the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) emanating from the Sun towards Earth. These measurements are crucial for understanding space weather phenomena and their impact on Earth's magnetosphere.

• Successful Halo Orbit Insertion: Aditya-L1 was successfully injected into its intended halo orbit around the L1 point on January 6, 2024. This strategic positioning allows continuous observation of the Sun without any interruptions caused by Earth's atmosphere.

These advancements underscore Aditya-L1's significant contributions to solar science, offering valuable data to the global scientific community and enhancing our understanding of solar phenomena