Skeletal muscle tissue grown from stem cells

Why is it in news?

Working human muscle has been grown from stem cells in the lab in a breakthrough that holds promise for sufferers of degenerative muscular diseases, scientists said

Details

• The team from Duke University in North Carolina said they were the first to achieve this feat using adult skin or blood cells which were “reprogrammed” into a juvenile, versatile state.
• These are called “induced pluripotent stem cells” or iPSCs. Like naturally-occurring stem cells found in embryos, they can become any other type of human cell.
• In this case, the iPSCs were coaxed into becoming skeletal muscle cells, which grew into “functioning human skeletal muscle,”
• It’s taken years of trial and error, making educated guesses and taking baby steps to finally produce functioning human muscle from pluripotent stem cells.
• The breakthrough was made possible by “unique cell culture conditions” in the lab, and a special 3-D scaffold which allowed the cells to grow “much faster and longer”.
• The tissue contracted and reacted to external stimuli such as electrical pulses or chemical signals they also implanted the muscle fibres into adult mice, where it survived and functioned for at least three weeks, though it was “not as strong” as natural tissue.
• The team hopes their technique will allow scientists to grow “an endless amount” of functioning muscle in the lab on which to test drugs and gene treatments for degenerative muscle diseases.

Source

The Hindu